[转移贴]Nature子刊:快速选择流感疫苗株新技术问世
当流感来袭时,如何尽快发现流感病毒的变异程度,从而快速选择合适的病毒制造疫苗至关重要。据新华社消息,在国家“十一五”传染病重大科技专项和国家自然基金委国家杰出青年基金的支持下,我国科学家经过研究,发明了一种可以快速选择流感疫苗株的技术,为更快制备疫苗、防控流感提供了新方法。
这项研究成果近日以在线方式发表在《自然—通讯》杂志上,并被选为“亮点文章”。
流感是严重威胁人类健康的传染病,每年季节性流感的流行和传播会导致全球5%至15%的人群感染。目前,预防和控制流感最有效的方法是接种流感疫苗。由于流感病毒变异速度极快,流感疫苗的有效性主要取决于能否及时准确地使用与流行病毒相匹配的流感疫苗株。如何发展新技术,提高流感疫苗株推荐的及时性和准确性,是目前流感防控中亟须解决的科学难题。
2010年起,中国疾病预防控制中心国家流感中心被世界卫生组织正式任命为全球第5个流感参比和研究合作中心,和位于美国、英国、澳大利亚和日本的4个合作中心共同负责每年流感疫苗株的选择和推荐工作。
为解决流感疫苗株推荐这一难题,国家流感中心舒跃龙课题组和中国科学院生物物理研究所蒋太交课题组先对流感病毒主要抗原的表面蛋白进行基因测序,获得了大量基因序列数据,再结合蛋白的结构和物理化学特征,发展出了一种新的计算方法,可以实时发现流感病毒的变异程度,快速准确选择流感疫苗株,解决了现有技术耗时太长的问题,为中国乃至全球流感疫苗株推荐和防控提供了更为科学的技术方法。
本帖隐藏的内容需要回复才可以浏览Nature Communications 3, Article number: 709 doi:10.1038/ncomms1710
Received 19 September 2011 Accepted 26 January 2012 Published 28 February 2012
Mapping of H3N2 influenza antigenic evolution in China reveals a strategy for vaccine strain recommendation
【Abstract】One of the primary efforts in influenza vaccine strain recommendation is to monitor through gene sequencing the viral surface protein haemagglutinin (HA) variants that lead to viral antigenic changes. Here we have developed a computational method, denoted as PREDAC, to predict antigenic clusters of influenza A (H3N2) viruses with high accuracy from viral HA sequences. Application of PREDAC to large-scale HA sequence data of H3N2 viruses isolated from diverse regions of Mainland China identified 17 antigenic clusters that have dominated for at least one season between 1968 and 2010. By tracking the dynamics of the dominant antigenic clusters, we not only find that dominant antigenic clusters change more frequently in China than in the United States/Europe, but also characterize the antigenic patterns of seasonal H3N2 viruses within China. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the coupling of large-scale HA sequencing with PREDAC can significantly improve vaccine strain recommendation for China.
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/journal/v3/n2/full/ncomms1710.html
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