甲型H3N2流感在2014-2015流行季广泛传播之谜

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2014-2015流行季中，流感病毒H3N2亚型在全球都广泛流行，并造成了大量的感染和死亡。

最近，由中国科学院生物物理研究所、中国医学科学院系统医学研究中心苏州系统医学研究所蒋太交课题组、吴爱平课题组和国家流感中心舒跃龙课题组联合完成的一项研究，深入地分析了这次流行病毒的抗原变异特征，研究结果发表在《Science China Life Sciences》。

研究者通过模拟近年来H3N2病毒的抗原进化，发现了这次H3N2病毒分化为两个抗原类共同流行：SW13和HK14。

研究还发现在2014-2015流行季中，这两个抗原类在世界各地区有着不同的流行特征:在欧洲和美国地区两个抗原类共同主导流行，但在亚洲尤其是中国大陆地区，只有其中一个抗原类在主导流行（SW13）。

这些发现不仅为最近这次流感H3N2病毒的广泛流行提供了分子机制的解释，而且对疫苗株的推荐也提供了一定的参考价值。

来源：生物360

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Antigenic variation of the human influenza A (H3N2) virus during the 2014–2015 winter season

Sha Hua, XiYan Li, Mi Liu, YanHui Cheng, YouSong Peng, WeiJuan Huang, MinJu Tan, HeJiang Wei, JunFeng Guo, DaYan Wang, AiPing Wu,  YueLong Shu,  TaiJiao Jiang  


Abstract
The human influenza A (H3N2) virus dominated the 2014–2015 winter season in many countries and caused massive morbidity and mortality because of its antigenic variation. So far, very little is known about the antigenic patterns of the recent H3N2 virus. By systematically mapping the antigenic relationships of H3N2 strains isolated since 2010, we discovered that two groups with obvious antigenic divergence, named SW13 (A/Switzerland/9715293/2013-like strains) and HK14 (A/Hong Kong/5738/2014-like strains), co-circulated during the 2014–2015 winter season. HK14 group co-circulated with SW13 in Europe and the United States during this season, while there were few strains of HK14 in mainland China, where SW13 has dominated since 2012. Furthermore, we found that substitutions near the receptor-binding site on hemagglutinin played an important role in the antigenic variation of both the groups. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the recent antigenic evolution of H3N2 virus and will aid in the selection of vaccine strains.

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11427-015-4899-z#