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发表于 2015-7-19 08:36:26
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1930 tswv 没有下到。。。这里是详细点的信息。
SAMUEL, BALD, and PITTMAN. 1930. “Investigations on ’spotted wilt ’ of Tomatoes.” Australia, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 44: 64 pp. CABDirect2.
Abstract
A full account is given of investigations conducted during 1927-8 at the Waite Agricultural Institute, Adelaide, into spotted wilt of tomatoes [R.A.M., vii, p. 605], the distribution, severity, and symptoms of which are described in considerable detail.
No evidence was obtained that the disease is seed- or soil-borne, but it was, with some difficulty, transmitted by direct inoculation with the expressed juice of diseased plants. Contrary to results previously reported [ibid., vii, p. 410], the onion or rose thrips (Thrips tabaci) was not found to carry infection, but transmission was consistently obtained under controlled conditions with Frankliniella insular is, this thrips being associated with all outdoor and glasshouse epidemics of spotted wilt examined in South Australia and New South Wales. The insect was also found in association with wilted tomatoes in Western Australia and at Bendigo, Victoria, though it was not observed near Melbourne, where spotted wilt first appeared and is still occasionally severe. F. insularis was also found on many garden flowers in South Australia and New South Wales, and in one case in Western Australia, but was not noted on similar flowers in the vicinity of Melbourne.
Observations showed that an infective individual of F. insularis may inoculate a tomato plant with spotted wilt in a feeding period of six hours. When infective individuals were fed for successive days on healthy tomato plants infection was very erratic, but the infective principle was retained in the insects during the twenty-four days that the experiment lasted. The adult hatched from the pupa of a larva fed on a diseased plant may be infective without further feeding on diseased material.
Tobacco and Nicotiana suaveolens were successfully inoculated with spotted wilt by feeding infective individuals of F. insularia on healthy plants. Symptoms closely resembling those of spotted wilt were also observed on Solanum nigrum, Physalis peruviana, and potatoes growing among or near diseased tomatoes in the field.
Of 48 [named] commercial varieties of tomato tested none was appreciably resistant, though Early Red Dwarf in three successive seasons consistently showed the lowest infection; the small red currant tomato (Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium) was decidedly resistant.
Tests with various [named] insecticides failed to give satisfactory control of the insect vector.
From a comparison of the symptoms and properties of spotted wilt and those of streak in North America [ibid., vii, p. 479; ix, p. 747] it is concluded that the two diseases are distinct. |
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发表于 2015-7-19 08:35:31
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