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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
% T; V* Z" }, x; Y3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）
' P( R* B$ u, P4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
3 C$ g( [, K- {8 _5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
7 d" D& P7 H4 P; T6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。 * r$ j1 M- I ~- x$ K7 O$ B; t$ S
7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing. : y. N$ ?! G1 J' q, A J) {
8. shared 替换 common .
l, ? A) n" `9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.
3 }3 G0 H. g9 c, l0 I10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.
/ _& Z( H& d) p; H1 o$ N) p* R11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.） 3 O7 [8 b0 f. Y1 I' @! ?
12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly. 6 q( S" g3 y8 v0 Q* O
13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
9 T" J6 _( n! |6 [14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer. 9 J. b/ L3 n6 ?! Y8 a6 ?& p
15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.
0 {/ L, E b$ n( _7 }) a16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.
0 O9 i1 W0 R: _ @: c0 P* m17. indispensable 替换 necessary.
% S% g3 g$ h7 c9 z5 q18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in. + u4 t+ f4 ]7 n& [( Z, b
19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention. ; Q! `: b6 O% T1 s" ~
20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. ( x7 r8 w N" D
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.
1 W2 f6 @7 L6 D2 J/ n; k5 l; S22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.
& z1 \6 b. N$ I0 s* |" ^23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. 6 |) a! e$ `' J
24. desire 替换 want. 3 } E1 |$ T: }# r. B/ R) y
25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to. # C" Z0 Y& }0 s3 F; n/ T
26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. / d1 W+ T* r* R3 F( {& y5 b3 _4 ^
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。
1 P% B R: n( I% k9 I% }+ F& r28. interaction 替换 communication. % d# K" O1 C" B1 j- _
29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .
2 g9 X3 m1 C3 B: B8 e7 f. D30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance. , Y& c( G* Z7 k- a
31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
$ V f- j! \7 B: k b32. regarding / concerning 替换 about.
- R5 y( @" I) E' R# ]33. crucial /paramount 替换 important. 8 Z' F7 P) c3 K0 d4 p$ N
34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）.
( s/ E- j0 b/ d6 ]! Q35. assiduous 替换 hard-working. & E, z+ g: H3 Z5 [, a6 {
36. arduous 替换 difficult. & h# _8 S* H8 E/ I' r& |
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）. 2 m1 n* S/ v( B$ Y& g- d- g
38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show.
) F4 }- A$ H' p6 |, b39. invariably 替换 always. # r5 b8 k5 r8 c
40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
! B) q3 G' Z* ?. `# L41. formidable 替换 difficult.
K" O* M+ C, n0 {. `6 R$ \42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. 4 D( \. Y: J' z5 N+ K1 u8 W
43. distinguished 替换 famous. - f4 K* V( |1 X, H& v |
44. feasible 替换 possible.
# K7 u1 m. g: Q45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
9 P5 f4 V9 U( E6 B( E4 W2 [46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
/ o; L" N- {& G5 Q/ i+ A47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。) ! {, `& a+ T) O1 b. H, y
Two hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。) $ b+ t) D3 K% u7 X2 g6 n2 X% _
Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
8 w% {8 n0 }3 h4 c; SBurley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)
+ y$ s' Z& V" X) d/ c' FAccording to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…)
( Y6 }6 Z8 h, J, k# N" M$ \Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调) 0 o8 ?6 B L2 ?! P. m
48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… 9 I' o# o7 E! J* h' ] J
来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
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