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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good. + F5 @- @3 Q, Z5 _* I
3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）
/ O& O. U1 z4 C. F' `4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
" h9 T; w7 q$ F- G3 b# h5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some. ! z5 x% V9 G5 q K5 N
6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。 : Q" _. Q3 r2 m2 L8 |7 |- D# [. ^
7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing. ' F! {0 a% ~" s
8. shared 替换 common .
/ f5 v$ a# D# z- S/ v9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits. % G# i* j0 @ C" Y6 \& S) _
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion. ' f( t: B/ o* ^+ f4 A: c
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
' L8 G* y7 v6 E) Z% Q I7 Z8 e& `12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly. ! Z5 M7 I0 w% m9 p" a: b
13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
; ~# K; W8 [" ^7 P14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer. 5 S% Y+ t' `4 B% i- O4 N
15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.
5 z4 R0 ^* v2 D2 ]16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.
% ^1 o3 m/ s3 X17. indispensable 替换 necessary. & d" n/ a$ F+ H7 h4 V1 `
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.
; O3 k. {; a: {# C19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.
) b& c3 {0 d A# b20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. & z) e. c! ^! t. m* e
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear. 5 j p! K, `/ y
22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.
/ A5 A; f5 H1 _8 E# N23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. * L, f/ o! o5 y; h1 {4 M$ _& M' s
24. desire 替换 want. . @2 t% f+ V0 D& |# |! [
25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to. . x" K; J( ^" d; n2 Y2 ?8 m% b9 @
26. bear in mind that 替换 remember.
2 n6 x0 ^: z' ]8 U- X27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。 2 L2 f1 L; [' q# I2 `# J7 {
28. interaction 替换 communication.
4 D/ h" H+ s$ b* I2 R/ G+ T# O29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth . # m% D! b& i# \
30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
$ H$ z0 f& f7 ?+ B C31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
9 I& c! ?( V/ ?1 C( A! y* ?$ ?32. regarding / concerning 替换 about.
, F( s7 X$ ?( ]8 I8 C4 O( ]' S33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
: G4 Z% k# H& Q$ [34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）.
9 z+ f: o1 h9 `8 R& a6 o35. assiduous 替换 hard-working. ' u8 u+ ?& u8 }1 X! C
36. arduous 替换 difficult. ; P" _! Y* g1 f
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
$ i8 } v T* X8 _$ N! P- b+ v2 Z38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show.
# o+ p: o" z/ T* N; c39. invariably 替换 always. " I8 i6 x. _8 b/ |4 m2 R0 x$ k" O
40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
/ X9 S `# r: B6 q6 F0 i+ ]41. formidable 替换 difficult. ! W/ I7 ]+ f5 l1 m
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. 0 Q3 |" Q( y* q- ^1 L; F' n, m) j
43. distinguished 替换 famous. + O" P# V8 {& ?7 t' Y# d
44. feasible 替换 possible.
: C8 }0 D4 m) T45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
7 W+ c4 ~$ F( f# i, X! H ]3 F- `' o46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that…… . L7 h( O/ }; D k, p' |" b
47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)
0 O7 I) @/ [3 f. l$ P4 x0 k$ R! dTwo hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。) ) w: _' Q, W- ~8 T
Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
( d0 k2 I- o9 A8 A3 MBurley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。) ) \' l/ ]! O6 U
According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…)
; ?* I- C2 K1 p" b8 M% t: ?Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调)
3 H0 Y0 K; w i& f! C) s48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD……
- i) ~2 c( C3 F来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
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