https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/08/20/sciadv.abc6246
AbstractDetection of viruses is critical for controlling disease spread. Recent emerging viral threats including Zika virus, Ebola virus, and SARS-Cov-2 (responsible for COVID-19) highlight the cost and difficulty in responding rapidly. To address these challenges, we develop a platform for low-cost and rapid detection of viral RNA with DNA nanoswitches that mechanically reconfigure in response to specific viruses. Using Zika virus as a model system, we show non-enzymatic detection of viral RNA, with selective and multiplexed detection between related viruses and viral strains. For clinical-level sensitivity in biological fluids, we paired the assay with sample preparation using either RNA extraction or isothermal pre-amplification. Our assay requires minimal lab infrastructure, and is adaptable to other viruses, as demonstrated by quickly developing DNA nanoswitches to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva. We expect further development and field implementation will improve our ability to detect emergent viral threats and ultimately limit their impact.
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