中国农业大学夏春教授团队在马传贫病毒表位研究领域有突破 1904年,马传染性贫血(EIA)被鉴定为病毒病,病原为马传染性贫血病毒(EIAV)。第一次和第二次世界大战期间EIA曾广泛传播,几乎遍及全世界,对养马业造成了巨大经济损失。EIAV和艾滋病病毒 (HIAV) 十分类似,故又被作为研制HIV疫苗的动物模型。我国已故动物病毒学家沈显荣院士成功研制出了马传染性贫血驴白细胞弱毒疫苗,随着该马传染性贫血弱疫苗在我国全面推广与应用,使马传染性贫血病得到了完全控制。大量研究表明,控制马传染性贫血主要依赖EIA病毒特异性细胞毒性T细胞 (CTL)免疫应答。 然而,马主要组织相容性复合体 I (马MHC I或ELA) 如何呈递各类特异性的CTL表位?哪类表位能诱导更强的CTL免疫应答?以及为什么有些EIAV表位可导致免疫逃逸?其相关结构学基础尚不清楚。 近日,在线发表在免疫学期刊 Journal of Immunology 上的论文显示,来自中国农业大学夏春教授领导的团队在研究马传染性贫血病毒表位结构方面取得突破成果。该研究选择了优势马MHC I 分子(Eqca-N*00602)与3个HIAV表位(Env-RW12, Gag-GW12, Rev-QW11)以及其它多肽进行了结晶,分析了Eqca-N*00602呈递11、12长肽表位以及结合短肽的结构学机制。在此基础上,又进一步选择了与Eqca-N*00602仅一氨基酸之差的马MHC I (Eqca-N*00601)与Gag-GW12表位进行了结晶,分析了其免疫逃逸的结构学依据。 该研究揭示了马MHC I与3个CTL表位的三维 (3D) 结构特点。马MHC I更接近牛MHC I 结构,3个CTL表位在其抗原结合槽 (PDG) 中呈现出多样的空间结构。Eqca-N*00602分别与12肽表位Env-RW12和Gag-GW12结合后,其空间结构完全不同。尤其是表位中部突出于PDG的氨基酸及其側链的柔性展示出了多种与T细胞受体(TCR)结合的潜在模式。另外,Eqca-N*00601、Eqca-N*00602与Gag-GW12表位的3D结构同样展示出了不同的空间结构,这一差异是导致了免疫逃逸依据。 file:///C:\Users\yinyuan\AppData\Local\Temp\ksohtml\wpsC990.tmp.png Figure Divergent presentation of the peptide Gag-GW12 by the closely related equine MHC I alleles Eqca-N*00601 and Eqca-N*00602. 该研究发现,Eqca-N*00602偏爱呈递长CTL表位,并且其PDG的空间结构不同,CTL表位的突起更靠近PDG C端;同时,Eqca-N*00602可选择性结合短肽。这些3D结构既反映出了为什么Eqca-N*00602可诱导出有效CTL免疫应答,也为人和其他动物慢病毒疫苗的设计提供了参照。 Structural Illumination of Equine MHC Class I Molecules Highlights Unconventional Epitope Presentation Manner That Is Evolved in Equine Leukocyte Antigen Alleles. Abstract MHC class I-restricted virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) is implicated as critical components in the control of this naturally occurring lentivirus and in the protective immune response to the successfully applied attenuated equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) vaccine in the horse. Nevertheless, the structural basis for how the equine MHC class I present epitope-peptides remains unknown. Here, we investigated the binding of several EIAV derived epitope-peptides by ability to refold recombinant molecules and by thermal stability, and then by determining the X-ray structure of five pMHCI complexes: Eqca-N*00602/Env-RW12, Eqca-N*00602/Gag-GW12, Eqca-N*00602/Rev-QW11, Eqca-N*00602/Gag-CF9, and Eqca-N*00601/Gag-GW12. Although Eqca-N*00601 and Eqca-N*00602 differ by a single amino acid, Eqca-N*00601 exhibited a drastically different peptide presentation when binding a similar CTL epitope, Gag-GW12; the result makes the previously reported function clear to be non-cross recognition between these two alleles. The structures plus Eqca-N*00602 complexed with a 9-mer peptide are particularly noteworthy in that we illuminated differences in apparent flexibility in the center of the epitope-peptides for the complexes with Gag-GW12 as compared with Env-RW12, and a strict selection of epitope-peptides with normal length. The featured preferences and unconventional presentations of long peptides by equine MHC I molecules provide structural bases to explain the exceptional anti-lentivirus immunity in horse. We believe that the beneficial reference points could serve as an initial platform for other human or animal lentiviruses. 夏 春 教授。中国农业大学教授,博士生导师,农业部人畜共患病重点实验室教授,主要研究方向是结构与进化免疫学。1989-1993在日本爱媛大学获博士学位,1996-1997年,日本农林水产省养殖研究所客座研究,2007-2008年,分别在英国阿伯丁大学生命科学院、美国佐治亚医学院遗传与基因组学研究中心客座研究。近年来,以通讯作者在Journal of Immunology,Journal of Virology, Journal of Biological Chemistry等刊物上发表SCI论文数十篇,获得过多项国家发明专利,指导硕博士、博士后及留学生65名。
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