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蛋白质常常以复合体形式发挥功能。例如,包括G蛋白在内的许多信号转导蛋白以异三聚体形式行使功能。在细胞内原位监测多蛋白复合体,对其功能解析极为重要,但一直存在方法学挑战。而且,由于受到普通光学显微成像分辨率限制,蛋白复合体内亚基相互作用的精细成像研究难以实现。近期,中国科学院武汉病毒研究所崔宗强课题组与中国科学院生物物理研究所张先恩课题组合作,创建了细胞内蛋白三聚体超分辨成像技术——“三片段荧光互补-光激活定位显微技术(TFFC-PALM)”,并在单分子和细胞亚衍射空间水平解析了G蛋白αβγ异源三聚体亚基在信号转导中的动态解离过程。
该团队利用具有光激活和光转换特性的mIrisFP荧光蛋白,首先筛选合适的拆分位点构建mIrisFP双分子荧光互补系统(BiFC),进而又把mIrisFP拆分为三个片段,成功构建了三片段荧光互补系统(TFFC)。BiFC和TFFC结合光激活定位成像技术,实现了蛋白-蛋白以及蛋白三聚体亚基间相互作用的超高分辨成像,空间分辨率可精确到40纳米。利用TFFC-PALM技术,实现了G蛋白三聚体亚基间相互作用的单分子水平成像,解析了G蛋白αβγ异源三聚体与βγ异源二聚体在亚衍射细胞空间的不同分布模式,揭示了霍乱毒素导致αs亚基与βγ异源二聚体亚基解离的动态过程。该研究为蛋白三聚体在细胞内的鉴定和监测提供了简便可视的方法,可实现其在细胞内单分子水平和纳米尺度超分辨成像研究,并为G蛋白在细胞信号转导过程中的功能提供了更深入的理解。
这一研究成果已在高影响力期刊ACS Nano在线发表(DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b03543)。博士生陈明海和硕士生刘三英为文章共同第一作者。该研究得到了国家重大科学研究计划、国家自然科学基金、中国科学院青年创新促进会等基金项目的资助。
Three-Fragment Fluorescence Complementation Coupled with Photoactivated Localization Microscopy for Nanoscale Imaging of Ternary Complexes
ABSTRACT:Many cellular processes are governed by molecular machineries that involve multiple protein interactions. However, visualizing and identifying multiprotein complexes such as ternary complexes inside cells is always challenging, particularly in the subdiffraction cellular space. Here, we developed a three-fragment fluorescence complementation system (TFFC) based on the splitting of a photoactivatable fluorescent protein, mIrisFP, for the imaging of ternary complexes inside living cells. Using a combination of TFFC and photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM), namely, the TFFC-PALM technique, we are able to identify the multi-interaction of a ternary complex with nanometer-level spatial resolution and single-molecule sensitivity. The TFFC-PALM system has been further applied to the analysis of the Gs ternary complex, which is composed of αs, β1, and γ2 subunits, providing further insights into the subcellular localization and function of G protein subunits at the single-molecule level. The TFFC-PALM represents a valuable method for the visualization and identification of ternary complexes inside cells at the nanometer scale.
论文链接:http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsnano.6b03543
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